There are others who have not fared so well in terms of having their name placed in dictionaries in ways that relate to work on old English cathedrals. The phrase is generally used to describe a person's legacy - and can be taken to mean that what we leave behind (including intangible things like relationships) best represents our life. Wren's son placed a dedication nearby, which contains the words "Lector, si monumentum requiris, circumspice" ("Reader, if you seek a monument, look around you"). When its architect, Sir Christopher Wren, died twelve years later in 1723, he was entombed inside, under a simple slab of black marble. It took 35 years to complete London's magnificent St. Anon., The Case of those persons that have purchased soldiers arrears, the Irish transport debt, salt tallies, malt tickets, or an interest in any other deficient funds, 1698ĭefinition - "if you seek his monument, look around" Where Officers sold their Pay two or three times over, what Provision shall be made for the second or third Purchaser? Caveat Emptor is the common Answer, then let him have a better Bargain for the great Risque he runs, &c. Over time, the imperative of caveat emptor has been softened by warranties, both express and implied.Ĭaveat has been adopted directly into English, and has a small range of meanings, including "a warning enjoining one from certain acts or practices" and "an explanation to prevent misinterpretation." Emptor has likewise been taken directly into our language, although the word is far less common than caveat it has retained the rather narrow meaning of "buyer, purchaser." Handouts on basic grammar and vocabulary are available at the Latin Handout Page.In early Roman law, sales of goods were governed by caveat emptor: buyers were advised to scrutinize the goods before purchase, because sellers had few obligations. Bennett's New Latin Grammar or, better, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar. The Gallic War - English, Latin, Italian, and GermanĪ systematic grammar of Latin is recommended. The Gallic War - English (translated by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb)Ĭommentaries on the Gallic War - English (translated by W.A. Not all translations are grammatically faithful to the original. Greenough's edition of 1886, with commentary, is linked here:ĭo not hestitate to make use of a modern edition in order to understand the grammar of the Latin. The Loeb edition (found often at Borders) has a facing English translation, which may be useful for those tackling Caesar as their first Latin author.Īrthur Tappan Walker's edition of 1907 (with grammatical commentary, vocabulary, and syntax review) is linked here: Rice Holmes' Oxford edition of 1914) has been formatted for printing and can be used to annotate vocabulary and grammar. You may use any text of Caesar available to you. The work required is considerable, the rewards commensurate. Our goals are to read with reasonable ease the passages assigned and to articulate a basic understanding of Caesar's historical aims and general worldview. Students are expected to have prepared the assigned text well enough to read it with minimal difficulty and discuss grammatical constructions. We will move slowly at first, more quickly as the semester progresses. As with all authors, the style and vocabulary become more easily absorbed as the work progresses. He makes liberal use of the ablative (particularly the ablative absolute) and of oratio obliqua. On occasion he is intricate (though never obscure) and can rival Cicero in periodic structures. Complete familiarity with basic forms (declension patterns, pronouns, verb tenses, infinitives, and participles) is required.Ĭaesar's style is lucid and compact, as befits a military man. The student is expected to have mastered a basic second year vocabulary and to be prepared to absorb a considerable quantity of new vocabulary. We will read Book IV of Caesar's COMMENTARIORUM LIBRI VII DE BELLO GALLICO, focusing closely on the grammar, vocabulary, and style of the assigned texts, with only occasional comment on the historical and social background.
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